console – Page 2 – LPIC – Linux Professional Institute Certification

2010-08-24 Tuesday

HP10xx Hewlett-Packard LaserJet 1020 Debian Lenny (stable)

Tam naudosime:

p910nd
cups
foo2zjs
sihp1020.dl

heh, daugybe paketu prisidiegiau, tai nezinia ar kazko nepraleidau… (Galbut libusb, cupsys?)
Taigi pradzioje prisijunkim:

deb http://debian.mirror.vu.lt/debian squeeze main

deb-src http://debian.mirror.vu.lt/debian squeeze main

i byla: /etc/apt/sources.list.d/squeeze.list
tuomet susidiekime p910nd:

apt-get update

apt-get install p910nd

ir nepamirskime squeeze pasalinti is resursu: komandele:

rm /etc/apt/source.list.d/squeeze.list

Toliau mums beliko sudiegti draiveriukus musu printeriui ir paleisti spausdinimo demona…
Taigi p910nd spausdinimo demono konfiguravimas byloje: /etc/default/p9910nd

# Printer number, if not 0

P910ND_NUM=""

# Additional daemon arguments, see man 8 p910nd

P910ND_OPTS="-b -f /dev/usb/lp0 0"

# pas mane jis prisijunge prie device: /dev/usb/lp0 ;)

# Debian specific (set to 1 to enable start by default) P910ND_START=1

Ir paleiskime si demona:

/etc/init.d/p910nd restart

Toliau parsisiuskime failiuka: sihp1020.dl ir issiarchyvuokime:

wget http://lpic.lt/wp-content/uploads/2010/08/sihp1020.dl.tar.bz2

bunzip2 sihp1020.dl.tar.bz2

tar -xf sihp1020.dl.tar

tuomet numeskim si firmware’a musu printeriui:

cat sihp1020.dl > /dev/usb/lp0

Kaip minejau /dev/usb/lp0 i cia prisilinkino mano usb printeriukas 🙂
toliau 🙂 kas?
lyg ir reiktu tiesiog uzeiti i http://localhost:631 ?

Norint, kad ikisus USB laideli dar reiktu nukopinti skripta a i /usr/sbin/hplj1020 taigi byla a:

#!/bin/sh
if [ -f /tmp/busy-prn ]; then

   exit 99

fi
touch /tmp/busy-prn
sleep 2
D=$(awk '/Manufacturer/ {print $2} ' /proc/bus/usb/devices  | grep -v Linux | wc -l)
if [ $D == 1 ]; then

  # No daemon running

  # Start daemon if printer is attached

  if [ -e /dev/usb/lp0 ]; then

    /etc/init.d/p910nd start

    sleep 1

    cat /root/sihp1020.dl > /dev/usb/lp0

  fi

else

  if [ $D == 0 ]; then

    # No Printer attached but daemon running

    # Kill daemon

    /etc/init.d/p910nd stop

  fi

fi
# Kill the spare process //hid3
kill `pidof p9100d | awk '{print $2}'`

rm -f /tmp/busy-prn



Ir kopijavimas:

cp a /usr/sbin/hplj1020

 Lyg ir tiek ;)

External link: https://answers.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/hplip/+question/45032

2010-08-13 Friday

telnet i ftp (telnet into ftp server)

prisijunkime prie ftp serverio:
telnet IP 21
Gauname atsakyma:
220 ProFTPD 1.3.1 Server (ProFTPD) [xx.xx.xx.xx]
Irasome:
USER anonymous
Atsakymas:
331 Anonymous login ok, send complete email address as your password
Pateikiame pass:
PASS blogger@webdigi.co.uk
Atsakymas:
230 Anonymous access granted, restrictions apply
Pakeiciam darbini kataloga servery:
CWD ietf/ftpext/
Atsakymas:
250 CWD command successful
Nusistatome pasyva:
PASV
Atsakymas:
227 Entering Passive Mode (xx,xx,xx,xx,151,31).
Parsisiuskime failiuka:
RETR ftpext-charter.txt
Atsiuntimas:
150 Opening ASCII mode data connection for ftpext-charter.txt (6060 bytes) 226 Transfer complete
Iseiname:
QUIT
Goodbye:
221 Goodbye.

Tuomet noredami parsisiusti failiuka turime prisijungti kita telneta prie passive port’o. Kaip jau spejote pastebeti kai ivedeme passive gavome eilute:227 Entering Passive Mode (xx,xx,xx,xx,151,31). kaip matome, pirmi keturi yra IP adresas o like portui generuoti skirti skaiciai: 151 * 256 + 31 = 38687. Taigi prisijunkime:
telnet xx.xx.xx.xx 38687
Kiekviena komanda yra vykdoma i atskira porta 😉 kiekviena karta reik skaiciuotis portus ir nusistatyti pasv 😉

2010-08-08 Sunday

telnet i pasta (telnet into smtp server)

Telnetiname i pasta:
telnet mail.domain.ext 25
Gauname pranesima:
Trying ???.???.???.???... Connected to mail.domain.ext. Escape character is '^]'. 220 mail.domain.ext ESMTP Sendmail ?version-number?; ?date+time+gmtoffset?
Valio mes viduje. Pasisveikinkime ir pasakykime kokis musu domenas:
HELO local.domain.name jei norime Extended : EHLO local.domain.name
Turetu atsakyti:
250 mail.domain.ext Hello local.domain.name [loc.al.i.p], pleased to meet you
Dabar turime parasyti savo email:
MAIL FROM: mail@domain.ext
Atsakymas:
250 2.1.0 mail@domain.ext... Sender ok
Rasome kam:
RCPT TO: mail@otherdomain.ext
Gauname atsakyma:
250 2.1.0 mail@otherdomain.ext... Recipient ok
Tuomet kompouzinam laiska:
DATA Subject:-antraste cia- bla bla bla bla bla bla .
Pabaigiam laiska tasku ir gauname atsakyma:
250 2.0.0 ???????? Message accepted for delivery
Tuomet pabaigiam sesija:
QUIT
Gauname atsakyma:
221 2.0.0 mail.domain.ext closing connection Connection closed by foreign host.

2010-05-30 Sunday

conky – system monitoring

Sveiki,

Pastaruoju metu radau naują programėlę. Gal matėte screenshots (pvz tokius). Taigi tokį vaizdą galite pasiekti ir jūs. Tokia programėlė yra Conky. Jos pagalba galite sužinoti kokia programa užima daugiausia atminties, RAM ir pan.

Man yra tekę naudoti top, ntop, munin, bandwidthd. Žinoma, jie yra visai kitokio pobūdžio. ir tik conky leidžia informaciją patalpinti ant darbalaukio.

Taigi, kai jį įsidiegti:

# aptitude install conky

Konfigūracinis failas:

$ vi ~/.conkyrc

Failo turinys:

alignment top_right

background no

border_width 1

border_margin 4

cpu_avg_samples 2

default_color white

default_outline_color white

#default_shade_color white

default_shade_color yellow

draw_borders yes

draw_graph_borders yes

draw_outline no

draw_shades no

font 6x10

gap_x 5

gap_y 20

minimum_size 5 5

net_avg_samples 2

no_buffers yes

out_to_console no

#own_window yes

own_window no

own_window_class Conky
own_window_type normal

#own_window_type override

own_window_transparent yes

stippled_borders 0

update_interval 1.0

uppercase no

use_spacer no

show_graph_scale no

show_graph_range no
TEXT

${scroll 26 $nodename - $sysname $kernel on $machine | }

$hr

${color lightgrey}Uptime:$color $uptime ${color lightgrey}- Load:$color $loadavg

${color lightgrey}CPU Usage:${color} $cpu% ${cpubar}

${color lightgrey}RAM Usage:$color $mem/$memmax - $memperc% ${membar}

${color lightgrey}Swap Usage:$color $swap/$swapmax - $swapperc% ${swapbar}

${color lightgrey}Processes:$color $processes  ${color grey}Running:$color Ėrunning_processes

$color$stippled_hr

${color lightgrey}eth0:Down:${color #8844ee} ${downspeed eth0} k/s${color lightgrey} ${offset 51}eth0:Up:${color #22ccff} ${upspeed eth0} k/s

${color #0000ff}${downspeedgraph eth0 32,150 ff0000 0000ff} ${color #22ccff}${upspeedgraph eth0 32,150 0000ff ff0000}

${color lightgrey}File systems:

/ $color${fs_used /}/${fs_size /} ${fs_bar /}

${color}Name              PID     CPU%   MEM%

${color red}${cpugraph 0000ff 00ff00}

${color #ddaa00} ${top name 1} ${top pid 1} ${top cpu 1} ${top mem 1}

${color lightgrey} ${top name 2} ${top pid 2} ${top cpu 2} ${top mem 2}

${color lightgrey} ${top name 3} ${top pid 3} ${top cpu 3} ${top mem 3}

${color lightgrey} ${top name 4} ${top pid 4} ${top cpu 4} ${top mem 4}

${color}Mem usage

${color green}${memgraph 0000ff 00ff00}

${color #ddaa00} ${top_mem name 1} ${top_mem pid 1} ${top_mem cpu 1} ${top_mem mem 1}

${color lightgrey} ${top_mem name 2} ${top_mem pid 2} ${top_mem cpu 2} ${top_mem  mem 2}

${color lightgrey} ${top_mem name 3} ${top_mem pid 3} ${top_mem cpu 3} ${top_mem  mem 3}

$stippled_hr

${color #ddaa00}Port(s)${alignr}#Connections $color Inbound: ${tcp_portmon 1 32767 count} Outbound: ${tcp_portmon 32768 65535 count}${alignr}ALL: ${tcp_portmon 1 65535 count} ${color #ddaa00}Inbound Connection ${alignr} Local Service/Port$color ${tcp_portmon 1 32767 rhost 0} ${alignr} ${tcp_portmon 1 32767 lservice 0} ${tcp_portmon 1 32767 rhost 1} ${alignr} ${tcp_portmon 1 32767 lservice 1} ${tcp_portmon 1 32767 rhost 2} ${alignr} ${tcp_portmon 1 32767 lservice 2} ${tcp_portmon 1 32767 rhost 3} ${alignr} ${tcp_portmon 1 32767 lservice 3} ${tcp_portmon 1 32767 rhost 4} ${alignr} ${tcp_portmon 1 32767 lservice 4} ${tcp_portmon 1 32767 rhost 5} ${alignr} ${tcp_portmon 1 32767 lservice 5} ${tcp_portmon 1 32767 rhost 6} ${alignr} ${tcp_portmon 1 32767 lservice 6} ${tcp_portmon 1 32767 rhost 7} ${alignr} ${tcp_portmon 1 32767 lservice 7} ${tcp_portmon 1 32767 rhost 8} ${alignr} ${tcp_portmon 1 32767 lservice 8} ${tcp_portmon 1 32767 rhost 9} ${alignr} ${tcp_portmon 1 32767 lservice 9} ${color #ddaa00}Outbound Connection ${alignr} Remote Service/Port$color ${tcp_portmon 32768 65535 rhost 0} ${alignr} ${tcp_portmon 32768 65535 rservice 0} ${tcp_portmon 32768 65535 rhost 1} ${alignr} ${tcp_portmon 32768 65535 rservice 1} ${tcp_portmon 32768 65535 rhost 2} ${alignr} ${tcp_portmon 32768 65535 rservice 2} ${tcp_portmon 32768 65535 rhost 3} ${alignr} ${tcp_portmon 32768 65535 rservice 3} ${tcp_portmon 32768 65535 rhost 4} ${alignr} ${tcp_portmon 32768 65535 rservice 4} ${tcp_portmon 32768 65535 rhost 5} ${alignr} ${tcp_portmon 32768 65535 rservice 5} ${tcp_portmon 32768 65535 rhost 6} ${alignr} ${tcp_portmon 32768 65535 rservice 6} ${tcp_portmon 32768 65535 rhost 7} ${alignr} ${tcp_portmon 32768 65535 rservice 7} ${tcp_portmon 32768 65535 rhost 8} ${alignr} ${tcp_portmon 32768 65535 rservice 8} ${tcp_portmon 32768 65535 rhost 9} ${alignr} ${tcp_portmon 32768 65535 rservice 9} ${tcp_portmon 32768 65535 rhost 10} ${alignr} ${tcp_portmon 32768 65535 rservice 10} ${tcp_portmon 32768 65535 rhost 11} ${alignr} ${tcp_portmon 32768 65535 rservice 11} ${tcp_portmon 32768 65535 rhost 12} ${alignr} ${tcp_portmon 32768 65535 rservice 12} ${tcp_portmon 32768 65535 rhost 13} ${alignr} ${tcp_portmon 32768 65535 rservice 13} ${tcp_portmon 32768 65535 rhost 14} ${alignr} ${tcp_portmon 32768 65535 rservice 14} ${tcp_portmon 32768 65535 rhost 15} ${alignr} ${tcp_portmon 32768 65535 rservice 15} ${tcp_portmon 32768 65535 rhost 16} ${alignr} ${tcp_portmon 32768 65535 rservice 16} ${tcp_portmon 32768 65535 rhost 17} ${alignr} ${tcp_portmon 32768 65535 rservice 17} ${tcp_portmon 32768 65535 rhost 18} ${alignr} ${tcp_portmon 32768 65535 rservice 18} ${tcp_portmon 32768 65535 rhost 19} ${alignr} ${tcp_portmon 32768 65535 rservice 19}
Ir paleidžiame programą mūsų naudotoju.

2010-05-20 Thursday

backup script bash tar bzip2

touch /backup.sh
mkdir /backup
chmod a+x /backup.sh
#!/bin/bash cd /backup file="`date +%Y%m%d-%H%M%S`.tar" #echo $file tar -cf new.backup/$file folder_to_backup cd /backup/new.backup bzip2 -zq9 $file #rm $failas echo "backed up `date` \n" >> /backup/backup.made #remove older then 3 days to /backup/old.backup find -type f -mtime +3 -exec mv {} ../old.backup/ \; cd ../old.backup # completely remove backups, older then 7 days find -type f -mtime +7 -exec rm -f {} ../old.backup/ \;

2010-05-16 Sunday

web hosting control panel on Debian stable (Lenny) GNU/Linux

Sveiki, kokį web hosting administravimo įrankį pasirinkti?
Kolkas aptikti variantai:

2010-05-13 Thursday

enlightenment repozitoriju diegimas debian terpei

Žinau, jūs jau daugybe kartų esate girdėję apie enlightenment aplinką. Tikriausiai esate ją ir išbandę debian repozitorijuose?! Deja, tokie bandymai būna nelabai vykę. Dažniausiai įsidiegia e16, o jeigu ir e17 tai be visų galimų modulių… o tuo tarpu prisidėję į resursus http://packages.enlightenment.org/ resursą mes galėsime pasisipūsti vieną iš naujausių versijų ir ne tik naujausių, bet ir PILNĄ, kas yra labiausiai aktualu.
Taigi atsidarome failiuką /etc/apt/sources.list su jūsų pamegtu teksto redaktorium:# vi /etc/apt/sources.list Tuomet įrašome ten eilutę:deb http://packages.enlightenment.org/debian lenny main extras
Tuomet pridedame repozitorijaus raktą ir paleidžiame atnaujinimą paketų sąrašo:# wget http://packages.enlightenment.org/repo.key -o /tmp/b && apt-key add /tmp/b && rm /tmp/b && apt-get update
Taip pat jums bus smalsu žvilgtelt čia

2010-05-10 Monday

date – getting time to your needs

hello, how to get time to see what time is now in linux command prompt? simply: $ date Mon May 10 15:56:05 EEST 2010 But i need with no spaces and colons… i use all mighty sed 🙂
$ date | sed 's/\ /_/g' | sed 's/:/-/g' Mon_May_10_15-56-31_EEST_2010 Hurray!?! No! I still need something else: YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm:ss howto get it? simply:
$ date +%Y-%m-%d\ %H:%M:%S 2010-05-10 15:57:01 How to set the date? simply: $ date +%Y-%m-%d.%H:%M:%S -s "2010-05-03.12:56:01" $ date Mon May 3 12:56:05 EEST 2010
for setting up time you can simply get ntp (network time protocol) to sync your clock with pool severs 😉

2010-05-06 Thursday

wget mirroring site

howto mirror website using wget?
simply: wget -ckm http://ruu.lt

If you want to get only certain type of files use this:
wget -r -l inf -A gif,jpg,png http://ruu.lt

2010-05-04 Tuesday

mounting ftp in bash

In english
Kaip prijungti ftp serveri kaip lokalų katalogą?
Paieškojus radau keletą sprendimų, juos visus išbandžiau, ir priėjau išvadų, kad lyg ir patogiausias būdas tai pasinaudojus curlftpfs. Įdiekite jį pasinaudodami aptitude ar betkokį kitą paketų valdymo įrankį. (Papildomai apie curlftpfs_*.deb)
Taigi, mes jau galime prisijungti direktoriją prie ftp serveriuko, kaip tai padaryti?

prijungti pasinaudojant /etc/fstab
startup (/etc/rc.local)

Prijungimui per fstab įgyvendinti mums reikia atlikti 2 veiksmus:

pridėti įrašą į /etc/fstab
sukurti mount.curlftpfs

Taigi pridedame įrašą į /etc/fstab

ftpusername:ftppassword@ftp.site.address /path/to/mountpoint curlftpfs rw,allow_other,uid=userid,gid=groupid 0 0

ir tuomet sukuriame mount.curlftpfs tam, kad mount suprastų ką ir kaip reikia prijungti naudojant curlftpfs failų sistemą.

# ln -s `which curlftpfs` /sbin/mount.curlftpfs

Ir antrasis būdas tiesiog kiekvieną kartą paleidžiant OS prijungti pasinaudojant curlftpfs ftp direktoriją, deja jeigu mes neturėsime krovimosi metu tinklo, mum nepavyks prisijungti šio resurso. Taigi paprasčiausiai įdedame eilutę:

curlftpfs ftpusername:ftppassword@ftp.site.address /path/to/mountpoint/

Žinoma, neturint tinklo abiem atvejais negalėsime prisijungti prie ftp resurso, bet pirmuoju būdu atsiradus tinklui, galėsime tiesiog įrašyti: mount /path/to/mountpoint
ir resursas bus automatiškai prijungtas.

How to mount some ftp resource to my Debian box?
After doing some searches i have found some ways, i have tried them and wrote down the way i liked using curlftpfs. aptitude or apt-get it from curlftpfs_*.deb repositories or compile it from sources, what ever you like. After you have installed these you may choose howto mount our ftp to /path/to/mountpoint.

using /etc/fstab
startup (/etc/rc.local)

connecting using fstabwe wil need to make 2 steps:

add a row to /etc/fstab
create mount.curlftpfs

So let’s add some line to /etc/fstab

ftpusername:ftppassword@ftp.site.address /path/to/mountpoint curlftpfs rw,allow_other,uid=userid,gid=groupid 0 0

last step is to let mount recognize the filesystem type

# ln -s `which curlftpfs` /sbin/mount.curlftpfs

And the second one is just to add a row to /etc/rc.local file.

curlftpfs ftpusername:ftppassword@ftp.site.address /path/to/mountpoint/

Of course both ways will not work if we will not have active connection at startup. But using fstab way you can easily mount it: mount /path/to/mountpoint

External links:
some more info on forums

September 2017
M	T	W	T	F	S	S
« Mar
				1	2	3
4	5	6	7	8	9	10
11	12	13	14	15	16	17
18	19	20	21	22	23	24
25	26	27	28	29	30